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Probability (Medium)

AMC 10/12 mid (≈Q9–16) — multi-step.

Probability: core idea

Without replacement.

Example problem: hint and answer

Two fair dice are rolled. What is P(sum 7)P(\text{sum }7)?

Hint: For multiple events, list outcomes or multiply conditional probabilities. Answer: 1/6.

Practice (9 problems — type your answers)

  • 1. A bag has 44 red and 66 blue marbles. Two are drawn without replacement. What is P(both red)P(\text{both red})?

  • 2. Three fair coins are flipped. What is P(exactly two heads)P(\text{exactly two heads})?

  • 3. A card is chosen from a standard deck. What is P(heart or king)P(\text{heart or king})?

  • 4. A fair die is rolled twice. What is P(same result)P(\text{same result})?

  • 5. A number from 11 to 1212 is selected. What is P(divisible by 2 or 3)P(\text{divisible by }2\text{ or }3)?

  • 6. A bag has 55 green and 55 yellow marbles. Two are drawn with replacement. What is P(different colors)P(\text{different colors})?

  • 7. A random permutation of 1,2,31,2,3 is made. What is P(it begins with 1)P(\text{it begins with }1)?

  • 8. Two dice are rolled. What is P(product is even)P(\text{product is even})?

  • 9. A card numbered 11 through 99 is chosen. What is P(prime)P(\text{prime})?

Probability Practice Problems — Medium